Practical handbook of Biodiversity & Entomology

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INDEX

Sr. no.  Title of the practical  Page no.
Mounting of foraminiferan shells from sand. (Any 3)  1
Study of types of corals (Brain, Organ pipe, 

Staghorn, Mushroom coral).

4
3A  Study of animal interaction and behaviour 

Symbiosis (Termite and Trychonympha, Hermit crab and Sea anemone).

3B  Camouflage (Leaf insect, Chameleon).  10
3C  Cannibalistic mate-eating animals (Spider and Praying mantis).  12
3D  Animal architecture (Termite, Harvester ant and Baya weaver bird).  14
3E  Study of bioluminescent organisms (Noctiluca

Fire fly, Glow worm, Angler fish).

18
Breeding and parental care in amphibians 

(Flying frog, Mid-wife toad, Darwin’s frog, Caecilian).

22
Mounting of scales of fish (Placoid, Cycloid and Ctenoid).  26
6A  Study of adaptive radiation in reptiles (Turtle, Tortoise, Horned toad,  Flying lizard). 30
6B  Identification and differentiation of venomous 

and non-venomous snakes (Scales, Fangs, Bite marks, etc).

34
7A  Study of bird morphology 

Types of feathers (Contour, Filoplume, Down).

40
7B  Types of beaks (Nectar feeding, Insect catching, Fruit eating, Scavenging,  Filter feeding).  44
7C  Types of claws (Perching, Wading, Swimming, Hopping).  48
8A  Identification of birds (Coppersmith Barbet, Bulbul, Rose ringed parakeet,  Magpie Robin and two local birds). 52
8B  Field Report – To be done in a group of ten students (submission of written  / typed report preferably along with photographs / tables / graphs). 56

 

INDEX

Sr.  

no.

Title of the practical  Page no.
Types of insect legs. 

Cursorial (running) 

Fossorial (digging)  

Saltatorial (jumping) 

Raptorial (catching and holding) 

Natatorial (swimming)

58
10  Types of insect wings. 

Scaly- flattened scales with hair 

Elytra – hard protective cover wings 

Hemelytra – half leathery and half membranous 

Membranous – transparent 

Tegmina – leathery 

Halteres – knob-like

62
11  Types of insect antennae. 

Geniculate (elbowed)  

Plumose (feathery) 

Pectinate (comb – like) 

Serrate (saw-toothed) 

Clavate (club-like)  

Filiform (thread-like)  

Aristate (pouch-like) 

Setaceous (bristle-like) 

Moniliform (bead-like)  

Lamellate (plate-like) 

Capitate (knob-like)

68
12  Types of insect mouthparts. 

Siphoning 

Sponging 

Chewing-Lapping 

Biting-Chewing 

Piercing – Sucking

76
13  Observation of fauna in their natural habitat (with reference to theory syllabus). 82

 

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